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Manual on Compliance with and Enforcement of Multilateral Environmental Agreements
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A Survey of Some Countries’ Approach to Involving Citizens Groups and NGOs

India: Permanent People’s Tribunal. NGOs in India have adopted an effective means of advocacy through people’s tribunals. For instance, the Permanent People’s Tribunal (PPT) hears cases filed by individuals or communities affected by environmental degradation. Its judgements are widely publicised.

Mongolia: NGO/Government Partnership for Conservation. The Mongolian Government cooperates closely with NGOs, for example with the Mongolian Association for the Conservation of Nature and Environment, which coordinates the voluntary activities of local communities and individuals to protect nature and wildlife, and with her Green Movement which promotes public environmental education in support of traditional protection methods.

New Zealand:New Zealand’s Resource Management Act Community requires public participation. When developing their 10-year policies and plans, regional and district councils are required to consult with community stakeholders and interest groups, including the indigenous Maori people.

South Africa and Zimbabwe: Public consultation is more common now in African countries due to new environmental legislation and official policy documents, such as the Green Paper on the Environment in South Africa and Environmental Management Bill in Zimbabwe.

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Telephone “Hotlines” and Internet in the United States
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A Survey of Some Countries’ Approach to Involving Citizens Groups and NGOs
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