Nationally Determined Contributions

The Paris Agreement mandates countries to update NDCs every 5 years. The next cycle calls for higher ambition, including economy-wide emission cuts to meet the 1.5°C goal.

According to the EGR 2023, countries are not on track to achieve the Paris Agreement goals and current NDCs put the world on track for a global temperature rise of 2.5-2.9°C. Meanwhile, the AGR 2023 estimates that costs of implementing adaptation needs for developing countries could amount to around $387 billion per year from 2021-2030, far outweighing current adaptation finance.

In 2025, countries will be required to submit new NDCs. They are encouraged to have an implementation timeframe until 2035 and need to respond to the outcome of the GST and outline ambitious, transformational and country-driven adaptation actions.

NDCs 3.0 must achieve a 29% and 42% reduction in GHG emissions by 2035 compared to current projections to align with the 2°C and 1.5°C pathways.

UNEP’s offer includes analytical tools and robust baselines on GHG emissions potentials and climate risks assessments, sectoral support packages, and NDC design and implementation through projects like the NDC Action Project

Nationally Determined Contributions Highlights