Montego Bay is the capital of the parish of St. James in Jamaica. The city is the fourth-largest urban area in the country by population, after Kingston, Spanish Town, and Portmore, all of which form the Greater Kingston Metropolitan Area, home to over half a million people. As a result, Montego Bay is the second largest anglophone city in the Caribbean, after Kingston and has a population of 82.000 with a population density of 247.69/km². Montego Bay is a popular tourist destination featuring a cruise line terminal and several beaches and resorts. The city is enclosed in a watershed, drained by several rivers such as the Montego River.

There were approximately 5,009 tonnes of plastic waste generated in Montego Bay in 2018, or 45 kg/cap/year. 67% of this generated plastic waste is collected. However, these 4,643 tonnes per year of plastic waste were disposed to unsanitary landfills. The remainder 33% of the waste generated is uncollected and part of it leaks into the ocean and waterways. As a result, it is estimated that 370 tonnes of plastics were leaked to the ocean from Kingston in 2018, corresponding to 3.33 kg/capita/year.