Resources

To better facilitate monitoring of trade in ODS, the Parties to the Montreal Protocol requested the World Customs Organization (WCO) to revise the Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System, also known as the Harmonized System (HS codes) for HCFCs. This resulted in amending heading 29.03 of Chapter 29 with the objective of assigning… read more

The number of single component refrigerants with different thermodynamic properties suitable for different types of equipment is limited. Growing demand for refrigeration and air-conditioning with diversified applications has led to a continued search for suitable refrigerant blends. A number of such blends have been developed by mixing two or… read more

Certification is the means by which a person (or enterprise), as a result of training, education, external review and assessment, receives official approval of being able to competently complete a job or task. Certification can be a legal requirement or a measure undertaken voluntarily for professional advantage. Certification schemes which are… read more

1. Ozone Depleting Potential, Montreal Protocol ‘reporting’ values, Montreal Protocol Handbook, 2012. 2. Global Warming Potential, WMO Scientific Assessment Report, 2014 3. A1 = Lower toxicity, no flame propagation (non-flammable); B1 = Higher toxicity, no flame propagation (non-flammable); A2 = Lower toxicity, flammable 4. Code 2903.79 covers… read more

The number of single component refrigerants with different thermodynamic properties suitable for different types of equipment is limited. Growing demand for refrigeration and air-conditioning with diversified applications has led to a continued search for suitable refrigerant blends. A number of such blends have been developed by mixing two or… read more

As part of its work in providing assistance to developing countries to fulfil their commitments under the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer, the UNEP DTIE OzonAction Compliance Assistance Programme (CAP) launched the ‘Informal Prior-Informed Consent’ (iPIC) mechanism in 2006. This initiative was developed in order to… read more

This application consists of a series of short instructional videos on techniques, safety and best practice for refrigeration and air conditioning (RAC) technicians.  This serves as a complementary training tool for technicians to help them revise and retain the skills they have acquired during hands-on training. Available in the following… read more

The project was implemented at the regional level in consultation with National Ozone Units of the Gulf Coordination Council (GCC) countries, namely Bahrain, Kuwait, Qatar, Oman, Saudi Arabia, and the UAE plus Iraq, to ensure incorporating the project outputs within the HPMPs particularly for the preparation of post 2015 policies and action-… read more

UNEP Compliance Assistance Programme's (CAP) main focus is on providing technical support to NOUs for the timely implementation of their HPMPs. It is the lead agency for HPMPs in 71 countries and the cooperating agency in another 28 countries, covering almost 100 countries. CAP also assists 103 Article 5 countries in institutional strengthening… read more

As the international community proudly celebrates the 30th anniversary of the Vienna Convention for Protection of the Ozone Layer, the success story of protecting the ozone layer resonates in all fora. Today the world boasts of having phased out 98 per cent of ozone depleting substances (ODS). However, the use of ODS continues to increase in… read more

The current commercially available technologies, used as replacements for HCFCs, not only perform less efficiently in high-ambient conditions but may also possess high-GWP characteristics which do not provide optimum alternatives in the context of the HCFC phase-out programmes in this sector. This exceptional project is designed to respond to… read more

It is expected that in the near future there will be a considerably higher uptake around the world, and particularly in developing countries of ‘alternative refrigerants’, such as hydrocarbons, ammonia, carbon dioxide, unsaturated hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) –or hydrofluoroolefins (HFOs) and HFOs mixtures.

 

Fisheries make a major contribution to the economies of many developing countries through foreign exchange earnings and employment creation

This publication, Twenty Questions and Answers About the Ozone Layer: 2014 Update, is a component of the 2014 report of the Montreal Protocol Scientific Assessment Panel, Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2014. This document is an update of Twenty Questions and Answers About the Ozone Layer: 2010 (Fahey, D.W., and M.I. Hegglin) and… read more

Free Trade Zones” (FTZ), are specifically defined areas within a country where goods may be imported/landed, handled, processed, assembled, manufactured or reconfigured, and re-exported with the companies deriving a wide range of benefits, for example, exemptions from duty and taxes, simplified administrative procedures and duty free imports of… read more

As the phase out of hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) progresses, it is expected that there will be a considerably higher uptake, in particular in developing countries of ‘alternative refrigerants’, such as hydrocarbons, ammonia, carbon dioxide, unsaturated hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) –or HFOs. Many of these alternative refrigerants have… read more

The ‘informal Prior-Informed Consent’ (iPIC) mechanism was launched in 2006 by the UNEP DTIE OzonAction as part of its work in providing assistance to developing countries to fulfil their commitments under the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer. This initiative was developed in order to better manage trade in ozone… read more

This document provides guidance for Ozone Officers in low volume HCFC consuming countries (LVCs) to help them understand how to seek financing outside of the Montreal Protocol’s Multilateral Fund to achieve the climate co-benefits indicated in their national HCFC Phase-out Management Plans

At the 1992 Meeting of the Parties in Copenhagen, methyl bromide (MB) was included as a controlled substance Ozone Depleting Substance, (ODS). Article 2H of the Protocol specifically excluded Quarantine and Pre-shipment (QPS) uses from control measures as it was considered that there were no alternatives to MB for the diverse range of… read more

Efficient tracking of methyl bromide (MB) use requires close monitoring and a full understanding of both controlled and exempted uses. The IPPC has developed a list of articles typically fumigated with MB for quarantine and pre-shipment (QPS) purposes, which facilitates collection and reporting of MB usage data. Modifications may be made in… read more