Resources

This publication provides an analysis of the cases submitted in the context of the Global Montreal Protocol Award for Customs and Enforcement Officers. The Global Award was launched in 2018 by UNEP OzonAction. This Global Award is intended to raise awareness about the Montreal Protocol and to recognise customs and enforcement officials for… read more

On World Ozone Day (16 September), commemorating the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer, UNEP and its partners were pleased to announce the 36 artists who won the “Asia Pacific Regional Ozone2Climate Art Contest.” This competition, which took place over a one-year period, was designed to increase public awareness about… read more

On the occasion of World Ozone Day (16 September), commemorating the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer, UNEP and its partners were pleased to announce the 36 artists who won the “Asia Pacific Regional Ozone2Climate Art Contest.” This competition, which took place over a one-year period, was designed to increase public… read more

The ninth edition of the International Special Issue, Advancing Kigali Goals through HVACR produced by Associazione Tecnici del Freddo (ATF) and Centro Studi Galileo(CSG) in collaboration with the United Nations Environment Programme and the International Institute of Refrigeration is a compilation of invaluable articles from leading global… read more

This brochure targets the general public and explains in a simplified manner what the Montreal Protocol and its Kigali Amendment signify. It includes some actions that everybody can do to support the Kigali Amendment. It also covers the relationship between the Kigali Amendment and Sustainable Development Goals. It introduces some examples of… read more

Taking into account that women and girls constitute half of the world’s population and, therefore, represent half of the potential and innovation necessary to face the “triple planetary crisis” — climate change, nature and biodiversity loss, pollution, and waste — positioning people and the planet as central pillars of the transformation… read more

The Green Customs Guide to Multilateral Environmental Agreements was designed to promote sustainable trade and encourage customs and border control officers to take on a proactive role in protecting the environment. The guide provides customs and border control officers, as well as anyone interested, with useful information and guidance about… read more

This note provides an overview of the vaccine cold chain in general and COVID-19 in particular, its requirements and challenges. First, the effects of temperature on these vaccines, old and new, and their storage and transport requirements should be known. Second, the temperature-controlled logistics of vaccines in general and COVID-19 vaccines… read more

Cold storage warehouses store food after production and before foods are transported and distributed to supermarkets or catering establishments. Food is stored either chilled or frozen and may remain in the store for periods of a few hours, days or even a year (for some fruits and vegetables) in chillers and up to several months in freezers.… read more

Due to the complex nature of the cold chain and the high temperature dependency of post-harvest or post-mortem deterioration in food, temperature control in the food chain is vital. Temperature control tends to become less well controlled at the retail/professional and domestic stages of the cold chain. The food chain is responsible for… read more

This brief provides an overview of the main areas of transport refrigeration, some of the different systems used and the working fluids employed. It will go on to look at current trends in using alternative refrigerants and the direction the sector is moving in over a longer period. Future developments will be discussed along with the technical… read more

For consumers, the cold chain is often associated with transport, retail and household refrigerators. But refrigeration is also and widely used in the agri-food industry for the storage of raw materials and final products, as well as for food processing. This brief gives a short overview of refrigeration applications in the industry. The… read more

This brief will present the process needs and applications of refrigeration onboard refrigerated fishing vessels. Currently used technologies and refrigerants will be presented, along with the possible alternatives for new systems. The issues related to the management of existing fl eets and implications to the Montreal Protocol on ozone-… read more

Refrigeration and air-conditioning is crucial for our health, nutrition, comfort and well-being. From prevention of food wastage to preservation of vaccines, from air conditioning in hospitals to our homes, we increasingly rely on the advances that refrigeration has brought us. However, all around the world the sector has always been a largely… read more

In order to follow and facilitate the HFC phase-down schedules contained in the Kigali Amendment, the Parties, including both developed and developing countries, will have to implement certain measures. This booklet contains a recommended set of legislative and policy options which the developing (Article 5) countries may wish to consider for… read more

This document was produced by the UNEP Division of Technology, Industry and Economics (UNEP DTIE) OzonAction Programme under the framework of the UNEP-U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) grant partnership project: “Regional Programme for Enhancing Institutional Capacity for HCFC Phase-out linked to Energy Efficiency and Climate… read more

This UNEP OzonAction publication is intended to help National Ozone Units understand why the close supervision of Methyl Bromide (MB) use in QPS applications is important for their countries continued compliance with the Montreal Protocol. It provides information about how to correctly identify MB QPS uses, data management, reporting,… read more

UNEP Compliance Assistance Programme's (CAP) main focus is on providing technical support to NOUs for the timely implementation of their HPMPs. It is the lead agency for HPMPs in 71 countries and the cooperating agency in another 28 countries, covering almost 100 countries. CAP also assists 103 Article 5 countries in institutional strengthening… read more

It is expected that in the near future there will be a considerably higher uptake around the world, and particularly in developing countries of ‘alternative refrigerants’, such as hydrocarbons, ammonia, carbon dioxide, unsaturated hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) –or hydrofluoroolefins (HFOs) and HFOs mixtures.

 

This publication, Twenty Questions and Answers About the Ozone Layer: 2014 Update, is a component of the 2014 report of the Montreal Protocol Scientific Assessment Panel, Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2014. This document is an update of Twenty Questions and Answers About the Ozone Layer: 2010 (Fahey, D.W., and M.I. Hegglin) and… read more